Averages and spread: mean, median, mode, range and standard deviation
Three ways to describe a typical value, two ways to describe how spread out data is, and when to use each.
- Mean: add the values and divide by how many there are.
- Median: the middle value once the data is in order (the mean of the two middle values if the count is even).
- Mode: the value that appears most often.
- Range: largest value minus smallest value.
Ví dụ giải mẫu
Summarise 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9
Find the mean, median, mode and range of 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9.
Xem lời giải
- There are 8 values adding to 40.
- The middle two values are 4 and 5.
- 4 appears most often; the range is 9 − 2.
Đáp án: Mean 5, median 4.5, mode 4, range 7
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Standard deviation
The standard deviation measures how far values typically are from the mean. Square each distance from the mean, average those squares (the variance), then take the square root.
Ví dụ giải mẫu
Standard deviation of the same data
Find the population standard deviation of 2, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 7, 9.
Xem lời giải
- The squared distances from the mean 5 add up to 32.
- Divide by 8 for the variance, then take the square root.
Đáp án: 2
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